What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

Decomposers play a vital role in ecosystems by breaking down dead organic matter, which is crucial for nutrient recycling. When plants and animals die, decomposers such as fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms break down their remains into simpler substances. This process not only helps to return nutrients to the soil but also ensures that these essential elements are available for uptake by primary producers, such as plants. By recycling nutrients, decomposers support the overall health of the ecosystem, promote soil fertility, and maintain the flow of energy within the food web. Without decomposers, dead matter would accumulate, and nutrient cycling would be disrupted, leading to negative impacts on various trophic levels.