What abiotic factor is crucial for the stability of coral reef ecosystems?

The stability of coral reef ecosystems is significantly influenced by temperature changes. Coral reefs are highly sensitive to temperature variations because they thrive in very specific thermal conditions. Elevated water temperatures can lead to coral bleaching, a process where corals expel the symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) that provide them with nutrients and their vibrant colors. This not only affects the coral's health but can also disrupt the entire ecosystem, as many marine species rely on coral reefs for habitat and food.

While factors like pH, salinity, and sand composition are important in maintaining coral health and ecosystem function, temperature is directly linked to coral physiology and resilience. Changes in ocean temperature due to climate change have profound effects on coral reefs, making managing temperature fluctuations critical for the long-term stability of these ecosystems.