How does habitat fragmentation negatively impact wildlife?

Habitat fragmentation is a significant ecological issue that occurs when large, continuous habitats are divided into smaller, isolated patches due to various factors such as urban development, agriculture, or infrastructure building. This division can have profound and detrimental effects on wildlife populations.

When populations become isolated, they may experience inbreeding, which can reduce genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is crucial for the resilience of populations because it allows species to adapt to changing environmental conditions, resist diseases, and sustain healthy reproduction rates. With reduced genetic diversity, populations may become more vulnerable to extinction and may struggle to survive in the face of environmental changes or pressures.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the consequences of habitat fragmentation. The assertion that it encourages population growth or leads to increased biodiversity is misleading; while some species may thrive in fragmented environments, many others experience population declines. The idea that it improves access to resources is also inaccurate, as fragmentation can actually limit access to essential resources required for survival, such as food, water, and shelter, further exacerbating the challenges faced by wildlife.